Apparatus for baking material, (updraft-kiln)



l. M. JUSTICE AND G. A. WILLIGMAN. APPARATUS FOR BAKING MATERIAL (UPDRAFT KILN).

AFPLICATON FILED NOVn 22, 1920.

Patented July 26, 1921.

INVENTORS F .L r N\ x \v\ ATTORNEYS l. M. JUSTICE AND G. A. WILLIGMAN.

APPARATUS FOR BAKING MATERIAL (UPDRAFT KILN). APPLlcMloN FILED Nov2z,'192o.

Patented July 26, 19211.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- lig I J' ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES ITI-IAMAR M. JUSTICE AND GLEN A. WILLIG-MAN, OF DAYTON,

OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR BAKIN G MATERIAL, (UPDRAFT-KILN.)

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2e, 192i.

Application filed November 22, 1920. Serial No. 425,592.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, ITHAMAR M. JUSTICE and GLEN A. WILLIGMAN, citizens of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Baking Material, (Updraft-Kilns,) of which the following is a specication, reference .being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

Our invention relates to kilns and in particular to the treatment of ware in kilns upon the updraft principle. a

Our object is to reduce the cost of installations and the verymaterial cost of operation of kilns of the type with an open top where the fuel gases are initially applied at the base of the stack of ware. t

It is our object to overcome the dificulty heretofore encountered of the fires from opposite sides in effect neutralizing each other or not adding their full quota of heat to the kiln temperature. We have found that when producer gas fires or other fuel fires are introduced through the burners at either endV of the arch in a pile of brick there is a reaction or rebounding of the spent gases at the center of the kiln which prevents the proper uniform distribution of heat throughout the kiln. It is our object to eliminate this firing directly of one burner against the other.

It is our object to reduce the'number of burners by at least one-half, to simplify the method of ring and to bring about a better distribution of heat in the kiln.

Referring to the drawings,

Figure l is a side elevation of a vertical section of an open top kiln with the application of the fire at one side;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the installation of the burners on both sides but not directly opposite one another so thatv each burner fires into a separate arch.

Referring to Fig. 1, l is the wall, 2 is the entrance passage Way for the fuel gases, 3 a burner, 4 an air supply, and 5 a gas supply through the tunnel 6. 7 is the floor of the kiln upon which the ware is placed. 8 represents the brick or other Ware arranged Within the kiln.

Referring to Fig. 2, like numerals represent like parts as in Fig. l, but in this view burners are placed on opposite sides. It is to be observed that they are not opposite one another and fire through archways 9 against a blank wall at the other side of the kiln.

The several platens 10 in Fig. 2, one of which is shown in section in Fig. l, comprise each a number of bricks laid closely together so as to form a more or less impervious area, differing in this respect from the .other bricks in the kiln which are piled with interstices between the adjacent bricks so as to permit the heated gases to pass therebetween. lThe function of the platen is to divert and direct the flame, fumes or gases away from the particular portion of the kiln where the same is employed to another portion of the kiln. It may be added, that the platen may be made uniform or may be more or less varied in the manner of laying the bricks, some patterns being somewhat less impervious than others, to the passage of gases. A platen may also consist of an area of closely laid bricks comprising several patterns.

In the first type of kiln,'in Fig. l, the platen on top of the kiln and on that half of the brick toward the fires is laid closely and in this way the draft of the kiln is evenly balanced.

l/Vhen the arrangement in Fig. 2 is utilized the platen is laid uniform in order to balance the draft in the kiln.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :f-

In combination, an open top kiln, ware therein, a platen on top of said ware arranged closer on one side than on the other, a plurality of oppositely located and staggered apertures in the bottom of the kiln for introducing fuel in combustion, burners adjacent said apertures and means of supplying air and fuel to said burners, whereby ware is treated in said kiln.

2. In combination, an open top kiln, means of introducing fuel in combustion on opposite sides of said kiln, but not opposite one another, and ware arranged in said kiln with passage ways therebetween opposite each of said fuel introducing means.

3. In combination, a kiln, means of introducing fuel in combustion on opposite sides of said kiln, but not opposite one another, Ware arranged in said kiln with passage Ways there-between opposite each of said fuel introducing means, and platens systematically arranged on top of said Ware.

In testimony whereof, we affix our signatures.

ITHAMAR M. JUSTICE. GLEN A. WILLIGMAN. 

